Secondly， the value of a nation is related to its ability to defend itself， and to help promote peace and justice among other nations. A nation is more cAPable in both regards when its businesses enjoy GREater success. For example， the current return of Kosovars to their homeland was facilitated by a cost-intensive military effort that required funding from， among other sources， tax revenues from business. In addition， a wealthy nation can， by means of its trade aGREements， use its economic strength to encourage other countries to extend GREater human rights to their citizens. Finally， a wealthy nation can depend on an expansive weAPons industry in the private sector; and it can fund an effective military to carry out national defense.

　　In sum， it is simplistic to suppose that achievement in Art and science is more important to the value of a nation than the success of its businesses. The latter is essential to national and world security. And， business success is deeply connected to accomplishment in Art and science.

　　38.

　　原题：No. A2 Constant innovation and change within an organization are as likely to damage the organization as they are to improve to it.

　　思路：

　　l We are living in a world which is developing at a termendous speed which requires constant innovation and change.

　　l However， constant change and innovation can do harm to the organization if we can not adAPt the organization to the innovation and changes.

　　l Innovation and change is a double-edged sword. We should quickly adjust ourselves to the innovation and change and make them better serve us.

　　市场竞争激烈，只有不断创新才能持续发展，使公司在全球化的市场中生存下来

　　不断的创新可以降低成本，提高产品质量，吸引更多的消费者，获得更高里利润

　　当然，创新的成本也是比较高的，有时可能会带来一些负面影响(比如失败的可能性)但是不能因为有可能失败就不去创新。

　　39. 4次

　　原题：No. 39 “It is difficult for people to achieve professional success without sacrificing important aspects of a fulfilling personal life.”

　　Discuss the extent to which you aGREe or disaGREe with the opinion stated above. Support your views with reasons and/or examples from your own experience， observations， or reading.

　　范文：

　　Are professional success and a fulfilling personal life mutually exclusive? Probably not， although it is more difficult today to achieve both.

　　Undeniably， today’s professionals must work long hours to keep their heads above water (keep one’s heads above water： v. 免遭灭顶之灾， 不负债)， let alone to get ahead in life finanCIAlly. This is espeCIAlly true in JAPan， where cost of living， coupled with corporate culture， compel professional males to all but (adv. 几乎， 差一点) abandon their families and literally to work theMSElves to death. While the situation here in the states (United States) may not be as critical， the two-income family is now the norm， not by choice but by necessity.

　　However， our society’s professionals are taking steps to remedy the problem. First， they are inventing ways—such as job sharing and telecommuting (远程交换，远程办公)—to ensure that personal life does not take a backseat (n. 后座， 次要位置) to career. Second， they are setting priorities and living those hours outside the workplace to the fullest. In fACT， professional success usually requires the same time-management skills that are useful to find time for family， hobbies， and recreation. One need only look at the recent American presidents—Clinton， Bush， Reagan， and CArter—to see that it is possible to lead a balanced life which includes time for family， hobbies， and recreation， while immersed in a busy and successful career. Third， more professionals are changing careers to ones which allow for some deGREe of personal fulfillment and self-ACTualization (n. 自我实现，自我潜力充分发挥)。 Besides， many professionals truly love their work and would do it without compenSATion， as a hobby. For them， professional fulfillment and personal fulfillment are one and the same (n. 同一个， 完全一回事)。