GMAT考试在3月2日换库，楷维留学小编特别为大家整理分享了3月11日GMAT语法机经。

        我们知道GMAT语法机经对于很多对于GMAT语法颇感无力的考生来说是个不小的助力，虽然答案都是GMAT考生网友们自己给出，但是参考价值也不小。该文章仅供考生朋友们参考，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。

　　【版本1】考到including

　　including的用法太多了=，=!鉴于太残了，我把Prep里面考到including的题目贴过来。大家复习熟悉一下。

　　A study by the Ocean Wildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse a decline in the shark population, which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing state waters for shark fishing during pupping season, and requiring commercial fishers to have federal shark permits.

　　A. which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing

　　B. which includes establishing limits to the size of sharks that can be caught, closing

　　C. which include the establishment of size limits for shark catches, the closing of

　　D. including establishing size limits for shark catches, closing (D)

　　E. including the establishing of limits to the size of sharks that are caught, the closing of

　　题目释义：A study urged to…，including…，closing…，and requiring….

　　考点：

　　句子结构(grammatical construction) 逻辑意思(logical predication)

　　1. 定语从句关系代词which的指代

　　2. 现在分词表伴随功能动作时，与句子谓语同时发生，逻辑主语等于句子主语。

　　3. and平行结构。

　　4. limit做动词时的固定搭配：limit to + 界限;limit on doing sth.(做某事的限制)

　　名词：size limits 大小、规模限制

　　5. urge的固定搭配：urge sb. to do sth.

　　6. shark catches: 捕鲨量，此处catch意为a quantity of fish that has been caught at one time

　　选项分析：

　　A. which离其逻辑上所指的remedies太远，且如果指代remedies不该用单数includes;the establishment of不如动词establishing简洁，而且与后面的closing不平行。

　　B. which和includes错误同A;limits to the size of sharks that can be caught不够简洁，直接用size limits和shark catches就行

　　C. which错误同A;the establishment of和the closing of名词短语不简洁且和requiring不平行

　　D. correct;including修饰remedies，including是介词，其跳跃能力比which强

　　E. limits to the size of sharks that can be caught不够简洁，直接用size limits和shark catches就行;the establishment of和the closing of名词短语不简洁且和requiring不平行

　　217. (T-3-Q17) (天山-7-14)

　　Not one of the potential investors is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were not to be concluded.

　　A. is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were

　　B. is expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until they sign a merger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal was

　　C. is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement be signed by them with a provision for penalties if the deal were

　　D. are expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until it signs a merger agreement with a provision for penalties included if the deal was (A)

　　E. are expected to be making an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until they sign a merger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal were

　　题目释义：Not one of n.s is expected to do sth. until a MA is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were not to be concluded.

　　考点：

　　主谓一致(agreement) 习惯用语(idiom)

　　1. (not) one of the+名词复数+单数形式谓语;Not one of =none of。

　　2. 虚拟语气：与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语be动词一律用were to+动词原形。

　　3. 被动语态未必比主动语态差，被动语态有其特殊功能，比如可以避免写出动作发出者来避免错误或累赘。

　　选项分析：

　　A. Correct;a merger agreement引导的句子并不是if the deal were的主句，If the deal were中的If可以理解为“in case (that)”，后接虚拟语气，由此可见虚拟条件句不一定非要虚拟主句才能使用(if the deal were这个用法其实也和if any类似，作为独立成分出现在句中);a merger agreement is signed that includes中that没有直接与a merger agreement相邻而且跳过了谓语动词修饰，这说明关系代词短距离跳跃指代是允许的

　　B. 表示动作的目的用to do比for buying更好，表示一个动作趋向;they无指代;虚拟语气用用was错误

　　C. be signed时态错误;with a provision修饰be signed，意思成了需要一个条例来规范”签署”这一动作，而不再是签署有这一条例的协议;them和an offer单复数不匹配，一个投资者只能有一个offer，并不需要写出by them

　　D. are错误，主谓不一致;For buying错误同B;虚拟语气用was错误;It无指代

　　E. are错误，主谓不一致;they和an offer单复数不匹配，一个投资者只能有一个offer，选项这么写好像在说只要一有投资者，那么所有的潜在投资者都要签署agreement，所以最好的写法是通过被动语态来避免直接写出动作行使者

　　补充说明：

　　1. 关于定语从句的关系代词能否跨越谓语动词指代：如果关系代词与先行词相隔较短，关系代词能跨越谓语动词指代，如本句a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision。

　　2. 关于none of(by windmaple)：None可以等于not one(动词用单数)，也可以等于not any(动词用复数)，这个是有争论的，Manhattan Review SC上的SANAM说none要看情况定动词单复数;manhattan forum上的结论是：因为none在OG里面从来没用过复数动词，所以大家还是选单数吧。