V13

　　关于为什么用HOG这个例子，答案中有一个选项说作者ARGUE什么HOG是ANALOGUOUS TO HOUSE的， 我觉得这个选项是错的，因为看选项的意思好像不是说这是个FA，而是是可类比的，所以我觉得是错的，因为是不可类比的，最后我选了说HOG的来举个例子说明什么我忘了。文章中说FUTURE的模型用在HOG上可以，但是用在HOUSE上是不行的。因为在一个METROPLITAN AREA里，不同NEIGHBOURHOOD的相同的房子的VALUE不一样(注意，考题)，这道题还有一个干扰选项，说相同的房子在不同的 METROPLITAN AREA里VALUE不同。

　　4.**美国黑人兄弟(上个月寂静原文)

　　不多说直接上原文了

　　In the 1930’s and 1940’s， African American industrial workers in the southern United States， who constituted 80 percent of the unskilled fActory labor force there， strongly supported unionization. While the American Federation of Labor (AFL) either excluded African Americansormaintained raCIAlly seGREgated unions， the ConGREss of industrial organizations (CIO) organized integrated unions nationwide on the basis of a stated policy of equal rights for all， and African American unionists provided the CIO’s backbone. Yet it can be argued that through contrACTs negotiated and enforced by White union members， unions—CIO unions not excluded—were often instrumental in maintaining the occupational seGREgation and other forms of raCIAl discrimination that kept African Americans soCIAlly and economically oppressed during this period. However， recognizing employers’ power over workers as a central fActor in African Americans’ economic marginal unionization ，African American workers saw the need to join with White workers in seeking change despite White unionists’ toleration of or support for raCIAl discrimination. The persistent efforts of African American unionists eventually paid off： many BECame highly effective organizers， gaining the respect of even racist White unionists by winning victories for White as well as African American workers. African American unionists thus succeeded in strengthening the unions while using them as instruments of African Americans’ economic empowerment.

　　1 The passage is primarily concerned with

　　A. demonstrating that unions failed to address the concerns of African American workers during a pArticular period

　　B. arguing that African American workers’ pArticipation in unions during a pArticular period was ultiMATely benefiCIAl to them

　　C. contrasting the treatment of African American workers by two different labor organizations during a pArticular period

　　D. giving reasons for the success of African American unionists in winning victories for both African American and White workers during a pArticular period

　　E. questioning one explanation for the attitudes of African American workers toward unionization during a pArticular period

　　2 According to the passage， which of the following was true of many racist White unionists during the period discussed in the passage?

　　A. Their attitudes toward African American union organizers changed once they recognized that the ACTivities of these organizers were serving workers’ interests.

　　B. They were a powerful element in the southern labor movement BECause they constituted the majority of the unskilled fActory labor force in the southern United States.

　　C. They persisted in opposing the CIO’s adoption of a stated policy of equal rights for all.

　　D. Their primary goal was to strengthen the negotiating power of the unions through increasing White union membership.

　　E. Their advocacy of raCIAl discrimination hampered unions in their efforts to gain more power for workers.

　　3 The author of the passage suggests which of the following about African American workers who pArticipated in union ACTivities in the 1930’s and 1940’s?

　　A. They believed that the elimination of discrimination within unions was a necessary first step toward the achievement of economic advancement for African Americans.

　　B. They belonged exclusively to CIO unions BECause they were excluded from AFL unions.

　　C. They believed that the economic advancement of African American workers depended on organized efforts to empower all workers.

　　D. Some of them advocated the organization of separate African American unions BECause of discriminateory prACTices in the AFL and the CIO.

　　E. Many of them did not believe that White unionists in CIO unions would tolerate or support raCIAl discrimination against African American workers.