Avian habitat selection is a vast topic in part because both amateur and professional students of birds have accumulated an enormous body of information on which birds live where, and how they operate in their environments. But detailed observations can still add to our understanding of habitat selection -- especially observations of bird behavior made when habitats are being altered either by "natural experiments" such as droughts and insect outbreaks or by human activities.

　　三、2013年3月30日托福真题解析-口语

　　1. Talk about the one thing government can do to improve the educational system in your country. Give details and examples in your answer.

　　参考答案

　　The one thing government can, and should do to improve the education system in China is providing more funding for schools. If such funding were in place, school can use the money to do the following. First of all, the money can be spent toward hiring the right staff. For example, hiring more professors for the faculties, get more campus staff to provide students with good service. Also, the money can be used to update facilities on campus, such as buying books for the library, upgrading equipment in the labs and funding more research projects on campus.

　　2. Some people prefer to own cars; others prefer to mainly use public transportation. Which do you agree with? Explain why.

　　参考答案

　　I prefer to use public transportation rather than owning a car for the following reasons. First of all, public transit is pretty cheap in China, especially in Beijing. A bus ticket only costs about the equivalent of six and half US Cents. A subway ticket costs around 30 Cents. And for one fair, you can ride as stations as you need to. On the other hand, if I own a car, I have to pay for insurance, gas and maintenance every month as long as I own it which can be a pain in the neck. Also, using public transportation is good for the environment. If everyone rides the buses and subway to work, there will be fewer cars sitting in the streets during rush hour, doing nothing but producing emission while idling.

      3.

　　阅读：有人写信说学 science 的学生不应该学写作 (writing course)

　　理由一：我们天天在实验室呆着不用学习写作的，没有用

　　理由二：天天实验室呆着已近花了很长时间了，为何还让学写作

　　听力：男生不同意这个观点

　　理由一：科学家做研究要写成出书大家才能明白，所以上上写作课是有必要的

　　理由二：我们文科生一样也花了很多时间在图书馆学习，找资料

　　解析：

　　Key Points:

　　Reading: The student writes a letter to suggest that students in science department shouldn’t have writing course because it is useless and tiring for them who have to stay at lab all day long.

　　Listening: The man disagrees with it.

　　Reason 1: Writing course is useful and necessary because only by issuing the book of one’s research can he or she be understood and recognized.

　　Reason 2: Students who are majored in art also spend lots of time at library, doing research, but they still have writing course.

　　4.

　　阅读：

　　Reward Theory of Attraction：外部事件对人们交朋友的影响

　　听力：

　　教授举例：

　　1. 很久以前他搬到了一个新地方，新邻居邀请他去一个party，他玩的很开心，还认识了一个朋友，他们有相同的兴趣喜欢相同的书，甚至都喜欢baseball，现在他们依然有联系，仍然是好朋友。

　　2. 他搬到另一个地方后，新邻居也很好，但是在互相介绍的时候，教授头很疼，结果互相介绍之后，教授和这个邻居就没有再深交

　　解析：

　　Key Points:

　　Reading: Reward Theory of Attraction states that people like those whose behavior is rewarding to them or whom they associate with rewarding events.

　　(Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reward_Theory_of_Attraction)

　　Listening: The professor gives two personal experiences of his own.

　　1. He once moved to a new place where the new neighbor there invited him to a party. They had great fun there. The professor made friend with someone with whom they share common interests in the same book and even in baseball. They still keep in touch with each other till now.

　　2. After he moved to another place, where the new neighbor was also nice. But the professor got a headache when they were introducing themselves to each other. As a result, their relationship didn’t last that long.