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　　标题：蜂蜜 (22)

　　文体类型：说明文

　　一种旧的方法：普通人对蜂蜜的颜色不在意，觉得都是金黄色的差不多。大街上卖的蜂蜜都是亮晶晶的黄色，但其实不同花朵的蜂蜜颜色不同，卖到市场的是各种蜂蜜的混合。对于养蜂者/蜂蜜行业专业人士来说，对蜂蜜的颜色还是很在意，是蜂蜜质量的评价指针(indicator)。

　　因为美食家们会尝出细微的区别/蜂蜜的色泽会影响到价格，越明亮的，颜色较淡的越好、味道较出色。

　　旧方法的缺失：之前鉴别蜂蜜的方法，是用一种Pfund scale 卡片测量法判定蜂蜜颜色。把这个东西放到蜂蜜里面，然后人工肉眼辨识出颜色。对照这个Pfund scale 上的色条，定出最后的蜂蜜色泽。但是这样方法主观性过强(subjective judgment)，因此不好。

　　一种新的方法：某公司发明了一种计算机软件(analysis)，可以测量蜂蜜颜色并且不主观。具体方法是用灯照射蜂蜜，通过分析蜂蜜的反光度和吸光度，根据计算机里面的图像，可画出P 值，给蜂蜜评级。该公司希望通过这个仪器，可以同该公司发明的葡萄酒的PH 值计算机测量/PH-scale 一样(模拟)，获得成功，杜绝第二段方法的主观。(Q2)

　　问题：

　　Q1：以下那个选项可以weaken 这个公司正研发新方法的未来影响力?/ which would most weaken the new method's impact on the market?

　　选项：A、某个美食评论说他们评鉴蜂蜜好坏的方式来自颜色;

　　选项：B、unusual rain make the bee colorbrighter;

　　选项：C、buyers only beleive the P-fund method;(无关选项，buyer 买不买和那个方法是否有影响力没有直接关系。)

　　选项：D、scentis find most bees have similar color which is brown;

　　选项：E、某科学杂志明确指出，蜂蜜的颜色与其味道无关/media say that honey taste not relate to the bee color(可能答案)

　　Q2：问之前的PH 仪器可以得到哪个结论?/跟啤酒厂所用的PH scale 对比例子作为结尾，infer 了什么?/ suggest which of the wine industry?

　　答案：啤酒厂用这个避免了subjective。

　　英文背景知识：

　　A scale used in the honey industry to describe the color of honey. Measurements were originally made with the Pfund color grader, which consists of a wedge of amber-colored glass next to a wedge-shaped cell which is filled with honey. The instrument is read visually; the reading is the distance the wedge must be moved to make a match, and is expressed in millimeters.

　　Color is not a factor in determining grades of honey in the United States, but a color designation usually accompanies the grade. The Pfund color grader “is not the officially approved device for determining color designation when applying these United States grade standards for the color of honey.” Instead, transmittance is measured at a wavelength of 560 nanometers, through 3.15 centimeters of a freshly-prepared caramel-glycerin solution that matches the color of the honey, as compared with the transmittance of pure glycerin.The optical density2 is log to the base 10 of 100 divided by the percent transmittance.