2015-05-06 11:39:12 来源: 互联网 责编:楷维留学指南
小伙伴们在准备托福考试的时候,都好好利用真题了吗?真题对于研究出题的套路、常见题型可是很管用的,结合真题,跟大家分享一下听力考试解题方法,不过大家也不要拘泥于一种方法,适合自己的才是最好的!!!
下面通过美国小托福官方机构ETS给提供的《Practice Test for the TOEFL® Junior ™ Standard Test》听力考试的真题,来分析我们上述解题技巧的实际运用。
比如这道题:
5. What does the teacher tell the students to do?
(A) Bring in some gardening tools
(B) Wear old clothes to school
(C) Look outside for seeds to plant
(D) Clean the dirt off their clothes
解析:
首先运用技巧一,通读题干与选项部分。可以得知:是老师(the teacher)与学生(the students)之间的事情,并且是老师告诉学生去做什么。其次运用技巧二,你会得知是要求考生理解大意,并且通过选项,可以得知老师要求的范围:A.带耕种工具、B.穿旧衣来学校、C.外出找种子、D.清理掉自己衣服上的尘土。
再次,根据生活常识来看,清理自己衣服上的尘土,没有必要让老师去告诉所有的学生去做,学生自己就会做了。让学生外出找种子,看似也不符合常理。只剩下AB选项有待我们进一步判断。做到这一切,都是在我们没有进行听力之前就完成的。在具体的听力过程中,有个词汇估计是大部分同学不理解的,即“saplings”(幼树、树苗)。如果考生在这个词上给以过多的考虑,从而产生听力停顿现象,就会失去对下面内容的关注与理解。
从整个对话来看,对这个词的理解与不理解,是无关紧要的,因此,技巧三的运用就显得颇为重要。如果在听完录音之后,还存在一些疑惑,那么,就回想一下,教师在讲话时的两个强调“One important thing to remember”、“ Make sureto”,从而进一步判断得知,是由于明天要植树,老师告诉同学们要穿旧一点的衣服,答案B正确。如此一步步分析判断下来,合情合理,就得出答案为B。下面考生可以再通过文字材料进一步验证。
5. (Narrator): Listen to a teacher talking to his class.
(Man): As you know, tomorrow we’ll be planting trees in thepark. A few dozen saplings will be provided, and you’ll be given gardeningtools to dig holes for the trees. One important thing to remember—gardeninginvolves working with dirt, so don’t come to school in nice clothes. Make sureto dress in something old—something you wouldn’t mind getting dirty.
(Narrator): What does the teacher tell the students to do?
下面再通过一个小托福试题综合对话,来分析这些技巧的运用。
还是先看题
22. What does the boy ask the girl to do?
(A) Join a team
(B) Help him study
(C) Eat lunch with him
(D) Lend him a textbook
23. What subject is the girl interested in?
(A) Math
(B) History
(C) Science
(D) Geography
24. What does the boy offer to give the girl?
(A) A library card
(B) The title of a book
(C) A list of questions
(D) The names of students
25. Where will the event be held this year?
(A) In the gym
(B) In the library
(C) In the cafeteria
(D) In the science room
解析:首先要明白这几个问题都出自一段录音,也就表明这几问题以及其回答,就是一个连贯的对话内容,基本构成了这段录音的主要信息,也就告诉考生,通过各个题干以及其选项,能够形成一个完整的意群,就可能是问题的答案。从问题的题干,就可以知道是这个男孩想请这个女孩做点什么事,女孩擅长某个科目,男孩给女孩了某个东西,这个事情今年将会在某处召开。明确了这些已经确定内容,在听力的过程中,只需要对四个选项中的某个选项进行确认即可,基本属于细节或大意之类的听力类别,这也是听力考查的基本内容。
下面,我们通过对话文字内容,具体分析一下听力过程中的技巧运用。
22–25. (Narrator): Listen to a conversation between twofriends (知男孩与女孩是朋友)from school.
(Boy): Maria, would you like to be on my team(直接表明观点:加入他的团队) in next week’s trivia quiz?(也许会有考生不明白这是什么。对话里的女孩也不明白,不要慌,下面会解释的,但此处一定不要产生听力停顿。类似这样的专有词汇或者新词,一般在下文都会有解释,只需要你慢慢来,不要产生忙乱。如果听到此处就产生了停顿,就会失去下面对此内容解释部分的对话,从而影响对听力的理解,导致不应该的失分。)
(Girl): Trivia quiz? I’ve heard about it, but I don’t knowexactly what it is.
(Boy): It’s a general-knowledge contest. All of the teams aregiven a set of questions to answer—questions on all kinds of topics—and theteam that gets the most correct answers wins.
(Girl): Sure, I guess I could play. But why do you want me onyour team?(此部分内容,可以不必关注)
(Boy): Well, our team already has students who are interestedin biology, history, and math. But (任何时候转折词都非常重要)we’re not too good at geography. A lot of questions are about variouscountries, continents, and things like that. We need someone strong in geography—likeyou!
(Girl): Well, geography is my favorite subject.(多次强调geography)You can count me in! ... Should I study for this?
(Boy): Hmm … It’s hard to studyfor this kind of competition. But if you want, I have examples of questionsthat were asked in the quizzes in the past. A list(目录单)like that would give you a general idea of what to expect.
(Girl): That would be great. So will it be held in thelibrary?
(Boy): Not this time.(又是转折,之后的内容为重点) Now we’ll be in the gym.(答案所在)A lot more teams aresigning up to play this time, so they had to move it to a place with morespace. Even the cafeteria wasn’t big enough.
(Girl): Wow—the gym is pretty big.
(Boy): Well, that just shows you how popular the trivia quizhas become!(结尾部分,没有选项,只是保持对话的完整性,可以不理。)
(Narrator): Now answer the questions.
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关键词:小托福听力考试真题
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