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　　2013年7月6日雅思阅读机经Title:

购物网站

True / False / Not Given; Sentence Completion

　　文章内容回顾

　　一个成功的英国网上购物网站，主要卖服饰，时尚服饰，化妆品。

　　cosmetics=make-up

　　products还有male clothes

　　相关英文原文阅读

　　The internet boom of the late 1990s made price comparison profitable. Price comparison services were initially implemented as client-side add-ins to the Netscape and Internet explorer browsers, and required that additional software be downloaded and installed. After these initial efforts, comparison shopping migrated to the server so that the service would be accessible to anyone with a browser. Services which are now offered by websites dedicated to price comparison and by major portals.

　　Shopping

　　In the late 1990s, as more people gained access to the internet, a range of shopping portals were built that listed retailers for specific product genres. Retailers listed paid the website a fixed fee for appearing. These were little more than an online version of the Yellow Pages. As technology has improved, a newer "breed" of shopping Web portals is being created that are changing both the business model and the features and functionality offered. These sites do not "aggregate" data-feeds provided from the retailers, they search and retrieve the data directly from each retailer site. That allows for a much more comprehensive list of retailers and the ability to update the data in real time.

　　Generic portals and search engines launched similar services and companies that stood to benefit from increased internet shopping (especially credit card and delivery firms) launched similar sites.

　　Services

　　Through 1998 and 1999, various firms developed technology that searched retailers websites for prices and stored them in a central database. Users could then search for a product, and see a list of retailers and prices for that product. Advertisers did not pay to be listed, but paid for every click on a price. Streetprices, founded in 1997, has been a very early company in this space; it invented price graphs and email alerts in 1998.These useful services let users see the high and low price of any product graphed over time, and request email alerts when a product's price drops to the price the user wants. Other price search engines have also evolved to provide consumers sophisticated price-tracking tools, such as price drop alerts and price history tracking.

　　From 2004 onwards, home utility comparison services started gaining popularity in the UK, with the launch of several utility comparison sites, who have now grown into multi-million turnover corporations, including Gocompare.com, Consumer Choices, Comparethemarket.com, my Supermarket and USwitch.

　　题型难度分析

　　相对简单

　　题型技巧分析

　　本篇有填空题，填空题的做题步骤：

　　1. 读题目要求，主要看字数要求，一般不超过三个或两个，一定要看清楚

　　2. 读题目，并划出关键词，关键词首先是特殊的比如人名地名时间数字等，如果没有这些词，那就划出名词

　　3. 对所填的空进行预测，预测所填空的词性，单复数情况

　　4. 根据划出的关键词去文中定位

　　5. 对定位部分进行分析，选出答案

　　是非无判断题是雅思阅读考试的经典题型，首先应该注意看清是TRUE还是YES, 本篇是TRUE / FALSE/ NOT GIVEN。

　　解题步骤：

　　1. 速读问题的句子，找出考点词(容易有问题的部分)。考点词：比较级，最高级，数据(时间)，程度副词，特殊形容词，绝对化的词(only, most, each, any, every, the same as等)

　　2. 排除考点词，在余下的词中找定位词，去原文定位。

　　3. 重点考察考点词是否有提及，是否正确。

　　TRUE的原则是同义替换，至少有一组近义词。

　　FALSE是题目和原文截然相反，不可共存，通常有至少一组反义词。

　　NOT GIVEN原文未提及，不做任何推断，尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文中是否有提及。

　　剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

　　剑4 Test 1 Passage 1

　　剑5 Test 3 Passage 1

　　2013年7月6日雅思阅读机经Title:

一种快灭绝的鸟的保护建设

Heading; Short Answer Questions; Sentence Completion

　　文章内容回顾

　　关于英国一种快灭绝的珍贵的鸟的保护建设，鸟的食物来源，如何保护，取得的成绩。

　　相关英文原文阅读

　　The oozlum bird, also spelled ouzelum, is a legendary creature found in Australian and British folk tales and legends. Some versions have it that, when startled, the bird will take off and fly around in ever-decreasing circles until it manages to fly up itself, disappearing completely, which adds to its rarity.[1] Other sources state that the bird flies backwards so that it can admire its own beautiful tail feathers, or because while it does not know where it is going, it likes to know where it has been.

　　The Oxford English Dictionary describes it as "A mythical bird displaying ridiculous behaviour" and speculates that the word could have been suggested by the wordouzel, meaning a blackbird (turdus merula). The earliest citation recorded by the dictionary dates from 1858.

　　A variant of the oozlum, possibly a mutation, is the weejy weejy bird, which has only one wing which causes it to fly in tighter, faster, smaller circles until it disappears up its own fundament. The oozlefinch is an American relative without feathers that flies backwards ("to keep dust, trivia, and other inconsequentia out of his eyes") at supersonic speeds, and preys on enemy bombers, which it rips from the sky. The oozlefinch has been adopted as the unofficial mascot of the United States Air Defense Artillery.

　　The oozlum bird was the subject of the British 1970 film, Carry On Up the Jungle. There was also a recurring joke in an episode of the BBC radio comedy, The Navy Lark that Lt Commander Murray (Stephen Murray) did not know what the oozlum bird was. Sub Lieutenant Phillips (Leslie Phillips) suggested that when young, oozlum birds fly straight, and it is only when they turn left that the trouble starts.

　　The fabulous qualities of the oozlum bird is the subject of a poem by W.T. Goodge (1862 – 1909). In the poem "The Oozlum Bird", the bird is said to fly backwards and has the singular ability of being able to fly up in the air while letting the earth turn under it. The bird is said to be large enough to bear the weight of a man.

　　题型难度分析

　　给段落配标题稍难

　　题型技巧分析

　　Heading题型做题步骤：

　　1. 读题目要求，注意是将heading前的序号写在答题卡上。

　　2. 划去Example项，在Lists of headings中将例子的标题划去，同时将对应段落在文章中划去，以免做题时重复找。

　　3. 在给出的标题中划出关键词，以名词为主

　　4. 读文章段落，主要读段首和段尾，找出主题句

　　5. 将段落主题句和标题相比较，选出答案

　　注意事项：

　　1. 在找主题句的时候，段首不一定是段落的第一句，很多时候尤其是第二段及以后的段落第一句往往是对上一段的概括，第二句第三句才是主题句

　　2. 如果本段有however, but等转折词汇以及also, although等，主题句即作者的中心在其后面

　　3. 如果某段中重复出现标题中的某个关键词，也可以判定此段的标题即是含有这个关键词的标题

　　剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

　　剑3 Test 4 Passage 1

人类语言的出现和发展

Matching; True / False / Not Given

　　文章内容回顾

　　关于人类语言的形成理论，2个理论，语言形成的时间。

　　英文原文阅读

　　Language development is thought to proceed by ordinary processes of learning in which children acquire the forms, meanings and uses of words and utterances from the linguistic input. The method in which we develop language skills is universal however, the major debate is how the rules of syntax are acquired. There are two major approaches to syntactic development, an empiricist account by which children learn all syntactic rules from the linguistic input, and a nativist approach by which some principles of syntax are innate and are transmitted through the human genome.

　　The nativist theory, proposed by Noam Chomsky, argues that language is a unique human accomplishment. Chomsky says that all children have what is called an LAD, an innate language acquisition device. Theoretically, the LAD is an area of the brain that has a set of universal syntactic rules for all languages. This device provides children with the ability to construct novel sentences using learned vocabulary. Chomsky's claim is based upon the view that what children hear - their linguistic input - is insufficient to explain how they come to learn language. He argues that linguistic input from the environment is limited and full of errors. Therefore, nativists assume that it is impossible for children to learn linguistic information solely from their environment. However, because children possess this LAD, they are in fact, able to learn language despite incomplete information from their environment. This view has dominated linguistic theory for over fifty years and remains highly influential, as witnessed by the number of articles in journals and books.

　　The empiricist theory suggests, contra Chomsky, that there is enough information in the linguistic input children receive and therefore, there is no need to assume an innate language acquisition device exists (see above). Rather than an LAD which evolved specifically for language, empiricists believe that general brain processes are sufficient enough for language acquisition. During this process, it is necessary for the child to be actively engaged with their environment. In order for a child to learn language, the parent or caregiver adopts a particular way of appropriately communicating with the child; this is known as child-directed speech (CDS). CDS is used so that children are given the necessary linguistic information needed for their language. Empiricism is a general approach and sometimes goes along with the interactionist approach.

　　Other researchers embrace an interactionist perspective, consisting of social-interactionist theories of language development. In such approaches, children learn language in the interactive and communicative context, learning language forms for meaningful moves of communication. These theories focus mainly on the caregiver's attitudes and attentiveness to their children in order to promote productive language habits.

　　An older empiricist theory, the behaviorist theory proposed by B. F. Skinner suggested that language is learned through operant conditioning, namely, by imitation of stimuli and by reinforcement of correct responses. This perspective has not been widely accepted at any time, but by some accounts, is experiencing a resurgence. New studies use this theory now to treat individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Additionally, Relational Frame Theory is growing from the behaviorist theory which is important for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Some empiricist theory accounts today use behaviorist models.

　　Other relevant theories about language development include Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which considers the development of language as a continuation of general cognitive development[5] and Vygotsky's social theories that attribute the development of language to an individual's social interactions and grow

　　题型难度分析

　　配对题较难，给文章中讲到的两个理论配信息。

　　题型技巧分析

　　Matching题分为了一方是特殊定位词的配对，分类题，段落配标题，段落细节信息定位。一方是特殊定位词的配对主要有人名配观点，时间配事件，地点配事件。这种题目在做的时候要注意以下几点：

　　1. 审题，读Instruction。一般来说，都会有You may use any letter more than once. 遇到这行字时，提醒考生一般本题中肯定会有一个字母用两次，而且只有一个字母会重复。

　　2. 迅速浏览人名，在文章中圈出人名。

　　3. 通读配对的另一方，划出关键词。

　　4. 在文章中圈出的人名旁找相应信息与关键词进行匹配。

　　一方不是特殊定位词时，需要将配对双方都通读，并划出核心词汇，以名词为主。同时这类型题要放在本篇文章的最后做。

　　剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

　　剑4 Test 3 Passage 1

　　相关阅读：

　　【雅思机经】2013年7月6日雅思考试机经汇总版